How would you estimate Google AdSense revenue?

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Answers (3)

1. Clarify – Adsense is a service by Google, using Adsense website publishers can display ads to their viewers using Google Ads. Google adsense selects ads that are relevant to your website or viewers.

How does Google make money with Adsense? There is no cost for subscribing to this service so google won’t make any money from subscription. When users click on ads, Google will make money. Our of that Google will pass on some amount to the website publisher who signed up for Adsense.

Scope – is this for US or global? I can calculate for US and extrapolate for global.

Timeframe – revenue in one year?

2. Equation

Google’s Revenue from Adsense in one year = Revenue per add click * # of ads clicked in a year

3. Calculation

Revenue per ad click 

Lets say everytime a user clicks a Google ad, Google makes $0.01. Out of this, Google pays 20% to the publisher on whose website the ad was displayed. So Google makes $0.008 per ad click

# of ads clicked in a year = # of ads clicked in a day per user * 365*# of daily users * revenue per ad

# of ads clicked in a day per user = # of ads displayed * CTR

Assume CTR = 0.5% for display ads

# of daily users = 130M

 

Population 320,000,000 % users who browse daily Potential Users who browse daily Users with Internet (70%)
0-12 48,000,000 0% 0 0
12-18 24,000,000 50% 12,000,000 8,400,000
18-65 188,000,000 80% 150,400,000 105,280,000
65-80 60,000,000 40% 24,000,000 16,800,000
320,000,000 130,480,000

# of ads clicked in a day per user = 200*0.5% = 1Assume a user browses the internet 5 times a day and visits 10 webpages on average each time. That’s 50 web pages. Lets say each webpage can display up to 4 ads, thats a total of 200 ads displayed in a day per user.

# of ads clicked per day ~110M assuming 4 ads per page

 

Frequency (per day) Pages per visit Total pages Total displayed ads per day Ads clicked per day (0.5%)
2 5 84,000,000 336,000,000 1,680,000
5 10 5,264,000,000 21,056,000,000 105,280,000
2 5 168,000,000 672,000,000 3,360,000
5,516,000,000 22,064,000,000 110,320,000

Google’s daily revenue from Adense in US ~$1.1 M assuming $0.01 per ad click, which is ~400M per year.

Google pays a percentage to the publishers, assuming that’s 10%, Google’s revenue from Adsense in US is ~390M per year

If US is ~45% to 50% of total revenue, then Google can make ~800M per year from Adsense

4. Sanity check

390M per year in US is ~$1 per use, this means the user clicks about 100 ads per year. Seems like a reasonable number to me

Assumptions:

1. World Population: 7.5 Billion

2. Pop. Excluding China & Russia (Google is not used there): 5.5 Billion

3. Google’s share in the advertisement market in relevant countries: 70%

4. Google’s reach : 4 Billion

5. Average searches by a person on Google: 5 times a day = 5*30*12 = 1800 per year

Fermi Calculations:

1. Total average searches per year : 1800*4 Billion = 7200 Billion

2. CTR = 0.05

3. CPC = $ 0.1

4. Total Revenue by AdWords per year = 7,200 B * 0.05 * $ 0.1 = $ 36 B

This is the type of Google estimation question you can expect in a product manager interview. I’d tackle it like this…Assumptions

  • Google earns revenue on a sharing basis with publishers
  • Google Search Ads not counted
  • Ads displayed on other webpages generates revenue
  • Google takes 30% commission on each ad clicked

Main Equation

Google Adsense Revenue = #Internet Population x #Ads viewed per year x CTR x CPC x Google’s Commission

#Internet Population

Almost 50% of the world’s population is connected to the internet. Hence,

Internet Population = 3.5 Billion

—-

#Ads viewed per year

Ads counted in AdSense = Ads we watch while viewing any webpage (except Google Search Results)

Power Users = 40% views 20 ads a day

Casual Users = 40% views 10 ads a day

Occasional Users = 20% views 2 ads a day

Avg. ads per day = 0.4×20 + 0.4×10+ 0.2×2 = ~10 ads

Avg ads per year = 350 x 10 = 3500 ads

—–

CTR = 10%

CPC = $0.1

Google’s Commission = 30%

Google Adsense Revenue = #Internet Population x #Ads viewed per year x CTR x CPC x Google’s Commission

Google Adsense Revenue = 3.5 Bn x 3500 x 0.1 x $0.1 x 0.30

Google Adsense Revenue = $37 Bn per year